First Governor of the Colony of Connecticut, instrumental in establishing the colony's government and laws, and played a key role in the colony's early development.
John Haynes, a colonial magistrate and founder of the Connecticut Colony, is renowned for his instrumental role in shaping the legal frameworks of both Massachusetts and Connecticut. His legacy is marked by his contributions to the drafting of the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, considered one of the first written constitutions in the American colonies.
Born on May 1, 1594, in Messing, Essex, England, Haynes was the eldest son of John Haynes and Mary Michel Haynes. His family, an armigerous gentry, had lived at Codicote, Herefordshire, and Great Haddam. Following his father's death in 1605, Haynes inherited the family's properties and possibly attended Cambridge University.
By about 1616, Haynes resided at Gurneys Manor, Hingham, Norfolk, a hub of Puritan sentiment, where he became Lord of the Manor. He married Mary Thorneton, daughter of Norfolk nobility, with whom he had six children. After his wife's death in 1627, Haynes was influenced by Puritan pastor Thomas Hooker, a close friend, and purchased Copford Hall, near Colchester in Essex, which generated an impressive 1,100 pounds per year.
In 1639, Haynes emigrated to the Massachusetts Bay Colony, where he served one term as governor. He subsequently became the first governor of Connecticut, serving eight separate terms. Although prohibited from serving consecutive terms, Haynes' popularity among colonists led to his alternating roles as governor and deputy governor from 1639 to 1653.
John Haynes' contributions to the development of constitutionalism in the American colonies have left an indelible mark on American history. His work on the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut paved the way for future constitutional documents, including the United States Constitution. Haynes' legacy serves as a testament to the power of visionary leadership and the importance of establishing strong legal frameworks in the pursuit of democracy.
Born in 1588
A 17th-century English lawyer and politician who played a key role in establishing the Massachusetts Bay Colony and shaping its early government and laws. He's known for his "City upon a Hill" sermon, which emphasized the colony's mission to create a model Christian community.
Born in 1586
Founded the Colony of Connecticut in 1636, establishing a new settlement that would become a hub for trade, commerce, and education. Known for his leadership and vision in shaping the colony's early years.
Born in 1616
Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony from 1673 to 1679, known for his role in King Philip's War and his efforts to negotiate with Native American tribes.
