German-born queen to George III of the United Kingdom, known for her strong character and influence on her husband's reign, as well as her cultural and artistic patronage. She was a devoted mother to their 15 children, including the future George IV.
Known as the longest-serving queen consort in British history, Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz was more than just a royal wife. She was a patron of the arts, an amateur botanist, and a devoted mother of 15 children. From introducing the Christmas tree to Britain to expanding Kew Gardens, Charlotte left an indelible mark on British culture and society.
Born on 19 May 1744, Princess Sophia Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz was the youngest daughter of Duke Karl Leopold of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Elizabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen. In 1760, King George III inherited the British throne, and Charlotte was chosen as his suitable consort due to her minor German princess status and lack of interest in politics. The couple married on 8 September 1761, marking the beginning of a 57-year union that would produce 15 children, including two future British monarchs, George IV and William IV.
Charlotte's love for the arts and botany was unmatched. She was a patron of artists, musicians, and writers, and her court became a hub for creatives. Her botanical interests led her to expand Kew Gardens, which became a sanctuary for exotic plants and trees. Her influence on British horticulture was significant, and she introduced numerous plant species to the country.
As a mother, Charlotte was devoted to her 15 children, taking great interest in their education and well-being. She was also diligent in her royal duties, supporting her husband during his bouts of physical and mental illness. When King George III's health began to decline, Charlotte maintained a close relationship with her son, George, who was appointed prince regent in 1811.
The French Revolution had a profound impact on Charlotte's life. Her close relationship with Queen Marie Antoinette of France added to the emotional strain she felt during this tumultuous period. As the revolution unfolded, Charlotte's distress grew, and she struggled to come to terms with the execution of her dear friend, Marie Antoinette.
Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz died on 17 November 1818, surrounded by her family. Her legacy is multifaceted: she was a devoted mother, a passionate patron of the arts, and a pioneering botanist. Her influence on British culture, art, and horticulture continues to be felt to this day. As the longest-serving queen consort in British history, Charlotte's impact on the monarchy and society will forever be remembered.
Charlotte's contributions to the arts and botany were recognized during her lifetime. She was awarded the Royal Order of Victoria and Albert, and her name is commemorated in numerous plant species and institutions, including the Charlotte Botanic Gardens in England.
Born in 1738
The British monarch who ruled during the American Revolution, losing the colonies, and later suffered a mental illness that led to a regency crisis. He's also known for his cultural and artistic patronage.
Born in 1819
The monarch who ruled the British Empire for 63 years, overseeing the Industrial Revolution and expanding the empire's reach, earning the nickname "the Grandmother of Europe".
