Eric Baker: The Unsung Hero of Human Rights and Peace
A Life Dedicated to Promoting Peace and Justice
Eric Baker, a British activist, is best known as one of the founders of the human rights group Amnesty International and the second Secretary-General of the organization. He was also a founder of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND), making him a pioneering figure in the fight for human rights and peace.
A Pacifist at Heart
Born on September 22, 1920, Baker was a pacifist who registered as a conscientious objector during World War II. His justification for this decision, as recorded in the British Yearly Meetings' Quaker Faith and Practice, showcases his commitment to non-violent resistance.
Famine Relief and Peace Missions
During the war, Baker worked on the Famine Relief campaign, raising funds to send food to war-torn European continents, educating the British public, and pressuring the government. After the war, from 1946 to 1948, he served as a joint secretary of the Quaker Centre in Delhi, India, alongside his wife Joyce. Later, he undertook four peace missions to Cyprus on behalf of the Friends Peace International Relations Committee, now part of Quaker Peace and Social Witness.
Key Roles and Contributions
- General Secretary of the National Peace Council (1954-1959)
- Author of "Psychological Warfare: A Challenge to Democracy" and a policy statement on securing international agreement on the prohibition of nuclear weapons (December 1959)
- Partner in the launch of Amnesty International with Peter Benenson
- Second Secretary-General of Amnesty International
- Founder of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND)
Religious Influence and Legacy
As a member of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers), Baker's faith played a significant role in shaping his activism. He served as head of the Quaker Peace and Social Witness, promoting the Quaker testimonies of peace, equality, simplicity, and truth. Today, his resting place is at the Quaker Meeting House in Maldon, Essex, England, where he attended Meeting for Worship on Sundays.
Personal Milestones and Key Life Events
- Born on September 22, 1920
- Registered as a conscientious objector during World War II
- Served as joint secretary of the Quaker Centre in Delhi, India (1946-1948)
- Took part in peace missions to Cyprus (late 1950s and early 1960s)
- Co-founded Amnesty International with Peter Benenson
- Passed away on July 11, 1976
Influence on Modern Society
Eric Baker's tireless efforts to promote human rights, peace, and justice have had a lasting impact on modern society. His work with Amnesty International and the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament continues to inspire generations of activists and peace advocates. As a testament to his legacy, Baker's commitment to non-violent resistance and his fight for human rights serve as a beacon of hope for a more peaceful and just world.
FAQ
What was Eric Bakers role in the founding of Amnesty International?
Eric Baker was a co-founder of Amnesty International, alongside Peter Benenson, and played a crucial role in shaping the organizations early years and mission.
What inspired Eric Baker to become a human rights activist?
Eric Baker was inspired to become a human rights activist by his experiences as a conscientious objector during World War II, which led him to dedicate his life to promoting human rights and social justice.
How did Eric Bakers work with Amnesty International impact human rights globally?
Eric Bakers work with Amnesty International helped to establish the organization as a leading force in promoting human rights globally, with a focus on prisoners of conscience, torture, and capital punishment.
What awards did Eric Baker receive for his human rights work?
Eric Baker received several awards for his human rights work, including the Right Livelihood Award and the Gandhi Foundation International Peace Award.
What is Eric Bakers legacy in the human rights movement?
Eric Bakers legacy in the human rights movement is one of tireless advocacy and dedication to promoting and protecting human rights around the world. His work with Amnesty International has inspired generations of human rights activists and defenders.
