A pioneer in protein chemistry, he discovered that the sequence of amino acids in a protein determines its 3D structure, revolutionizing our understanding of biology. His work has far-reaching implications for medicine and biotechnology.
Christian B. Anfinsen is renowned for his groundbreaking work on the structure and function of ribonuclease, a crucial enzyme that breaks down RNA molecules. His pioneering research, which earned him the 1972 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, revealed the intricate relationship between the amino acid sequence and the biologically active conformation of this enzyme, giving birth to "Anfinsen's dogma."
Anfinsen was born on March 26, 1916, in Monessen, Pennsylvania, to a family of Norwegian-American immigrants. His parents, Sophie and Christian Boehmer Anfinsen Sr., instilled in him a strong work ethic and a passion for learning. The family's move to Philadelphia in the 1920s provided Anfinsen with access to quality education, which he utilized to the fullest.
Anfinsen's academic journey began at Swarthmore College, where he excelled in chemistry and varsity football. He graduated in 1937 with a bachelor's degree in chemistry. His master's degree in organic chemistry from the University of Pennsylvania (1939) was followed by a prestigious American-Scandinavian Foundation fellowship to study at the Carlsberg Laboratory in Copenhagen, Denmark. In 1941, he earned a university fellowship for doctoral study in the Department of Biological Chemistry at Harvard Medical School, where he received his Ph.D. in biochemistry in 1943.
During World War II, Anfinsen contributed to the war effort by working for the Office of Scientific Research and Development. His research focus shifted to the structure and function of enzymes, particularly ribonuclease. His work in the 1950s and 1960s led to a deeper understanding of the relationship between the amino acid sequence and the biological activity of this enzyme, culminating in his Nobel Prize win.
Anfinsen's personal life was marked by two significant marriages. He married Florence Kenenger in 1941 and had three children. After their divorce in 1978, he married Libby Shulman Ely in 1979, with whom he had four stepchildren. Anfinsen converted to Orthodox Judaism in 1979, but later described himself as an "orthodox agnostic." He passed away on May 14, 1995, leaving behind a legacy of scientific contributions and inspiration.
Christian B. Anfinsen's work has had a profound impact on our understanding of enzyme structure and function. His research has influenced fields such as biochemistry, molecular biology, and medicine. His legacy extends beyond the scientific community, inspiring generations of researchers and students to pursue careers in science.
As we reflect on Anfinsen's remarkable journey, we are reminded of the power of human curiosity, perseverance, and innovation. His story serves as a testament to the importance of fundamental research and its potential to transform our understanding of the world.
Born in 1901
Pioneering chemist and peace activist who won two unshared Nobel Prizes, one for chemistry and one for peace, for his groundbreaking work on the nature of the chemical bond and his tireless efforts to promote nuclear disarmament.
97 Years Old
Discovered the structure of DNA, revolutionizing our understanding of genetics and earning a Nobel Prize. Pioneering work in molecular biology has far-reaching implications for medicine and beyond.
Born in 1916
Pioneering scientist who discovered the structure of DNA, revolutionizing our understanding of genetics and life itself.
Born in 1920
A British scientist who contributed significantly to the discovery of the structure of DNA, providing high-quality X-ray crystallography images that helped James Watson and Francis Crick develop their famous model.
Born in 1916
A Nobel Prize-winning physicist and biologist who contributed significantly to the discovery of the structure of DNA, using X-ray crystallography to produce the first clear images of the molecule.
Born in 1917
Pioneering biochemist and crystallographer who determined the structure of myoglobin, a protein in muscle cells, and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1962.
Born in 1914
Pioneering crystallographer who unraveled the structure of hemoglobin, revolutionizing our understanding of biological molecules. His work paved the way for major advances in medicine and biochemistry.
Born in 1918
Developed techniques for sequencing DNA and proteins, revolutionizing molecular biology and earning two Nobel Prizes in Chemistry.
