Francis Lewis: The Unsung Hero of American Independence

A Founding Father and Merchant Extraordinaire

Francis Lewis was a prominent American merchant and Founding Father of the United States, best known for signing the United States Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation. As a representative of New York in the Continental Congress, Lewis played a pivotal role in shaping the country's early years.

Early Life and Education

Born on March 21, 1713, in Llandaff, Wales, Lewis was the only child of Morgan Lewis and Anne Lewis (née Pettingale of Newport). He received his education at the esteemed Westminster School in London, laying the foundation for his future success.

A Career in Commerce and Politics

Lewis entered the mercantile world in London, where he worked until he inherited properties from his father at the age of 21. He sold these properties and used the proceeds to acquire merchandise, which he then shipped to New York City in 1734 or 1735. After two years in Philadelphia, he returned to New York, where he established himself as a successful merchant.

Transatlantic Travels and Prisoner of War

Lewis's mercantile pursuits took him on numerous transatlantic voyages, visiting northern European ports, Saint Petersburg, northern Scotland, and Africa. However, his luck took a turn for the worse in 1756, when he was taken prisoner while serving as a British mercantile agent. He was imprisoned in France before being released and returning home.

Prelude to Independence

Upon his return, Lewis became actively involved in politics, joining the Committee of Sixty and the New York Provincial Congress. In 1775, he was appointed a delegate to the Continental Congress, where he played a crucial role in shaping the country's early years.

Signing the Declaration of Independence and Articles of Confederation

One of Lewis's most notable achievements was signing the United States Declaration of Independence in 1776 and the United States Articles of Confederation in 1778. These acts cemented his place in American history as a champion of independence.

Personal Life and Legacy

In 1745, Lewis married Elizabeth Annesley, sister of his business partner Thomas Annesley. The couple had several children, including Francis Lewis Jr., who went on to open a dry goods business with his father. Lewis's son Morgan served in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War and later held various offices in New York State, including governor.

Later Life and Reflections

Lewis continued to serve in politics until 1779, when he chaired the Continental Board of Admiralty. After his retirement, he dedicated himself to his family business, leaving behind a legacy as a true American patriot.

• Date of Birth: March 21, 1713
• Date of Death: December 31, 1802

Francis Lewis's contributions to American independence have endured for centuries, earning him a permanent place in the annals of history.