A 17th-century writer and philosopher who edited and promoted the works of Michel de Montaigne, and is considered one of the first French feminists. She advocated for women's education and social equality.
Marie de Gournay is renowned for her remarkable literary compositions, particularly her novel and essays that advocated for the equality of men and women, as well as her influential role as the editor and commentator of Michel de Montaigne's works. Her groundbreaking writings, such as The Equality of Men and Women (1622) and The Ladies' Grievance (1626), emphasized the importance of women's education and challenged the societal norms of her time.
Born in Paris in 1565, Marie de Gournay was the daughter of Guillaume Le Jars, treasurer to King Henry III of France. After her father's sudden death in 1577, her family moved to Gournays-sur-Aronde, where she developed a passion for learning. As an autodidact, Gournay studied the humanities and taught herself Latin, which led her to discover the works of Michel de Montaigne.
In 1588, Gournay met Montaigne in Paris after writing him a note, and he adopted her as his daughter. After her mother's death in 1591, Gournay moved to Paris and began to focus on her writing. Montaigne's widow, Franoise de la Chassaigne, entrusted Gournay with the publication of his Essays after his death in 1592. Gournay published the first posthumous edition in 1595 and a revised edition in 1598.
Marie de Gournay's literary career was marked by her innovative and thought-provoking works. Her 1608 publication, Bienvenue, Monseigneur le Duc d'Anjou, sparked widespread attention among Parisian intellectuals for its discussion on the education of children. Her 1610 work, Adieu de l'ame du Roy de France et de Navarre, although controversial for defending Jesuits, demonstrated her courage in addressing sensitive topics.
Marie de Gournay's contributions to French literature and her advocacy for women's education have left an indelible mark on history. Her determination to earn a living through writing paved the way for future generations of female writers. Her pioneering spirit and commitment to promoting education continue to inspire and empower women to this day.
Gournay's writings reflected her strong belief in the importance of education for all, regardless of gender or social status. Her humanitarian approach to literature emphasized the need for social justice and equality. Her philosophical contributions continue to resonate with modern society, encouraging us to strive for a more inclusive and equitable world.
Marie de Gournay's remarkable life and literary achievements serve as a testament to her unwavering dedication to promoting education and social justice. Her pioneering spirit continues to inspire generations of writers, scholars, and women across the globe.
Born in 1533
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Born in 1524
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