A pioneering figure in modern dance, she revolutionized the art form with her expressive, emotive movements and collaborations with avant-garde artists. Her work continues to inspire contemporary dancers and choreographers.
Mary Wigman, born Karoline Sophie Marie Wiegmann, is renowned as the pioneer of expressionist dance, dance therapy, and movement training without pointe shoes. With her groundbreaking approach, she revolutionized the world of modern dance, leaving an indelible mark on the industry.
Mary Wigman was born on November 13, 1886, in Hanover, Province of Hanover, Kingdom of Prussia, to a bicycle dealer. Her early life was spent in Hanover, England, the Netherlands, and Lausanne, where she was nicknamed Mary after the House of Welf.
Wigman's interest in dance was sparked by seeing three students of Émile Jaques-Dalcroze, who aimed to approach music through movement using solfège, improvisation, and his own system of movements – Dalcroze eurhythmics. This encounter led her to study rhythmic gymnastics in Hellerau from 1910 to 1911 with Jaques-Dalcroze and Suzanne Perrottet.
Feeling artistically dissatisfied with the Jaques-Dalcroze school, which made dance secondary to music, Wigman sought to create movements independent of music and independent physical expression. She drew inspiration from a solo concert by Grete Wiesenthal and, on the advice of German-Danish expressionist painter Emil Nolde, entered the Rudolf von Laban School for Art on Monte Verit in the Swiss canton of Ticino in 1913.
Under Laban's guidance, Wigman honed her skills and developed her unique expressionist style, which emphasized the expression of emotions and inner experiences through movement. This style would go on to define her career and Leave a lasting impact on the world of modern dance.
Mary Wigman's career spanned over five decades, during which she created over 50 works, including solos, group pieces, and operas. Some of her most notable works include:
Wigman's work was deeply rooted in her philosophical beliefs about the role of dance in expressing the human experience. She believed that dance should be an authentic expression of the inner self, unbound by traditional techniques and conventions.
Her work was hailed for bringing the deepest of existential experiences to the stage, making her one of the most iconic figures of Weimar German culture.
Mary Wigman's influence on modern dance is immeasurable. She paved the way for future generations of dancers and choreographers, including Martha Graham, who credited Wigman as a major influence.
Her work also extended beyond the dance world, influencing the development of dance therapy and movement training without pointe shoes.
Throughout her career, Wigman received numerous awards and honors for her contributions to the world of dance. In 1954, she was awarded the German Dance Prize, and in 1967, she was honored with the title of Professor by the German government.
Mary Wigman passed away on September 18, 1973, leaving behind a legacy that continues to inspire and influence dancers and choreographers today. Her pioneering work in expressionist dance has cemented her place as one of the most important figures in the history of modern dance.
As a testament to her enduring impact, Wigman's work remains a cornerstone of modern dance, continuing to inspire new generations of dancers and choreographers to express themselves authentically and push the boundaries of the art form.
Born in 1894
Pioneering modern dance techniques and emotional expression through movement, this iconic figure revolutionized the art form with avant-garde works that continue to inspire generations of dancers and artists.
Born in 1895
Pioneering modern dancer and choreographer who developed a unique movement style emphasizing emotional expression and collaboration, creating influential works that continue to inspire contemporary dance.
95 Years Old
Founded the first African American dance company, showcasing African American culture and experiences through modern dance, and providing opportunities for minority dancers. Known for powerful, emotional performances that promote unity and social justice.
86 Years Old
A pioneer of modern dance, she revolutionized the art form with emotionally charged, often provocative performances that explored the human condition. Her work continues to inspire and influence dancers, choreographers, and artists worldwide.
Born in 1919
Pioneering dancer and choreographer who revolutionized modern dance with innovative collaborations and chance procedures, creating a new language of movement. Known for pushing boundaries and collaborating with artists like John Cage and Andy Warhol.
