The Egyptian-Armenian patriarch who served as the Catholicos of the Armenian Apostolic Church from 1940 to 1959, known for his efforts to preserve Armenian culture and identity. He played a key role in promoting Armenian-Greek relations and was a strong advocate for Armenian genocide recognition.
Born in 1499
Reigned from 1559 to 1565, this Pope oversaw the final session of the Council of Trent, shaping Catholic doctrine and practice for centuries to come. He also commissioned the construction of the Sistine Chapel's dome.
Born in 1810
The first pope to fully embrace modernity, he issued the groundbreaking encyclical Rerum Novarum, which addressed social justice and workers' rights, shaping the Catholic Church's stance on social issues.