A 16th-century Catholic cardinal who played a key role in the Council of Trent, helping shape the Catholic Church's response to the Protestant Reformation. He also served as a diplomat and mediator in various European conflicts.
Despite facing opposition from Mary's court, Commendone managed to secure a secret interview with the queen through the help of John Lee, a relation of the Duke of Norfolk and an attendant at court. Mary received Commendone kindly and expressed her desire to restore the Catholic faith and acknowledge papal authority, but considered it prudent to act slowly due to her powerful opponents.
Born in 1417
A 15th-century pope who played a significant role in the fall of the Western Schism, ending the division in the Catholic Church. He's also known for his lavish spending and nepotism.
Born in 1487
A 16th-century Pope who commissioned Michelangelo to paint the Sistine Chapel's frescoes and was a patron of the arts, leaving a lasting impact on Renaissance art and architecture.
Born in 1504
Leader of the Catholic Church during the Counter-Reformation, he excommunicated Queen Elizabeth I and played a key role in the Council of Trent.
Born in 1504
Leader of the Catholic Church during the Counter-Reformation, he excommunicated Queen Elizabeth I and played a key role in the Council of Trent.
Born in 1502
Introduced the Gregorian calendar, a solar-based calendar that's widely used today, reforming the Julian calendar's inaccuracies.
Born in 1536
Led the Catholic Church during a tumultuous period, issuing papal bulls and playing a key role in the Counter-Reformation. He's also famous for his coffee habit, being the first Pope to try and approve of it.
Born in 1535
The second shortest-reigning pope in history, serving for just 27 days in 1605, he is most known for his brief but tumultuous papacy marked by power struggles and controversy.
Born in 1476
A fierce defender of Catholic orthodoxy, he implemented strict reforms and established the Roman Inquisition to root out heresy. His papacy was marked by controversy and conflict.