A 17th-century politician who served as a Member of Parliament and was a strong advocate for the rights of the common people, particularly in regards to taxation.
Sir Stephen Fox, a royal administrator and courtier to King Charles II, is best known for his instrumental role in founding the Royal Hospital Chelsea, a revered institution that has provided care and support to British Army veterans for over three centuries. He rose from humble beginnings to become the richest commoner in the three kingdoms, amassing a vast fortune through his tenure as Paymaster-General of His Majesty's Forces.
Stephen Fox was born on March 27, 1627, in Farley, Wiltshire, to William Fox, a yeoman farmer, and Elizabeth Pavey. He was the sixth but fourth surviving son in a family of modest means. Fox's eldest brother, John Fox, was Clerk of the Actary to King Charles II, and it was through his brother's connections that Stephen gained entry into the royal court.
At the age of 15, Fox became a chorister at Salisbury Cathedral in Wiltshire, where he was mentioned in John Evelyn's Diary as a "poore boy from the quire of Salisbury." His talent and dedication earned him a position as supernumerary servant and playfellow in the household of the royal children.
Fox's career flourished under the tutelage of Algernon Percy, 10th Earl of Northumberland, and later in the service of Lord Percy, the Earl's younger brother. He accompanied King Charles II in his flight to the continent and was appointed manager of the royal ordnance board. Following the Restoration, Fox returned to England and became a prominent figure in the royal court, rising to the position of Paymaster-General of His Majesty's Forces in 1661.
During his tenure, Fox amassed a vast fortune, which he used to finance various charitable endeavors, including the founding of the Royal Hospital Chelsea. He contributed £13,000 to the hospital's establishment, ensuring its continued operation and providing care to countless veterans.
Sir Stephen Fox's philanthropic contributions extend far beyond the Royal Hospital Chelsea. He was a devoted supporter of the Church of England and founded several parishes throughout England. Fox's generosity and benevolence earned him widespread recognition and admiration, cementing his legacy as a champion of social welfare and charitable giving.
Fox married three times, first to Elizabeth Whittle, then to Elizabeth Pilkington, and finally to Christian Haines. He had several children, including Stephen Fox, 1st Baron Ilchester, who inherited his title and continued his father's philanthropic traditions.
Sir Stephen Fox's remarkable life is a testament to his unwavering dedication to public service, philanthropy, and charitable giving. As the founder of the Royal Hospital Chelsea, he left an indelible mark on British history, ensuring the welfare and care of countless veterans for generations to come.
Born in 1676
The first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, serving from 1721 to 1742, known for establishing the office of Prime Minister and setting important precedents for the role. He is also recognized for his skill in managing Parliament and his role in shaping British politics.
Born in 1694
The Prime Minister who led Britain through a period of relative peace and stability, and is often credited with being the first Prime Minister in the modern sense, holding office from 1743 to 1754.
Born in 1683
King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1727 to 1760, known for his military victories, particularly the Battle of Dettingen, and his role in the War of the Austrian Succession.
Born in 1725
Chancellor of the Exchequer who imposed taxes on British American colonies, sparking widespread protests and contributing to the American Revolution.
